What is DNA With Full Information? | DNA

What is DNA? Where is DNA found and why is it so important? If you want to know the answers to all these questions, then this article is for you only. Our body is made up of cells, the cell is called the structural unit of the body. DNA is found in the cell.

DNA is called genetic material! But RBC (Red blood cells) of our body does not contain DNA. DNA is our identity. DNA is so important because it contains instructions for our growth, development and reproduction.

Where is DNA found?

Most DNA is found in the nucleus (NUCLEUS). What is called nuclear DNA, but some part of it is also found in mitochondrial, which is called mitochondrial DNA.

What is the full form of DNA?

The full name of DNA is Deoxyribonucleic acid and these organic acids consist of nitrogen bases.

DNA Structure

DNA is a long chain-like molecule that exhibits genetic characteristics. A gene is a radital substance found in the nucleus of a cell, genes are made of DNA. About 30000 genes are found in a cell. The word Gene was given by Johnson.

DNA has a curved staircase structure called Double Helix.

Types of DNA

DNA is of 2 types.
1. Double Standard
2. Single Standard

The two-strand model of DNA was given by Watson and Crick.
The nucleotide has a double standard polymer DNA.
Nucleotide phosphate molecules in DNA are found in deoxyribose sugars, nitrogen-based bases.

Alkali found in DNA –

4 bases are found in DNA.

Adenine – A
Cytosine – C
Guanine – G
Thiamine – T

The sequence of these four bases is the genetic code. Who instructs us to do all the work of life.

In these bases, adenine binds with thiamine and with cytosine. In addition, it is bound to a phosphate molecule and pentose sugars. DNA has the properties of making another DNA like itself. And it is necessary for cell division.

Who discovered DNA?

DNA was first invented by German biochemist Johann Friedrich Miescher in 1869. But in 1953, James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin discovered the double helix structure of DNA.

In 1962, Watson, Francis Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine.

DNA’s important work –

Performs important functions of DNA replication, transcription and transfer of genetic information.
Replication is the process of copying DNA. In which DNA makes another DNA like itself. In which the structure of chromosome is controlled in the body and cell division is also induced.
Through transcription, DNA forms the RNA present in our body. This action takes place in the nucleus.
DNA acts to transfer our genetic properties from one generation to another. In which DNA is called genetic material.

What is a DNA test?

Every human’s DNA has information about its heritage, DNA test is done to detect a genetic disorder, to detect genetic mutations.

The child has genes from both mother and father.
The child’s parents can be ascertained by DNA test.
Any criminal can be captured by DNA test.
DNA is transferred from one generation to another, from which it can be detected that the color of the hair, eyes of the future generation and what may be the diseases.
Genetic disorder is detected in a newborn by DNA test so that it can be treated in time.
Genetic disorder is also detected during pregnancy by DNA test.
Nowadays we can also know from DNA from which corner of the world we can know from DNA test.

Frequently Asked Questions About DNA

1. How is dna structure?

Ans. The structure of DNA is fused (DOUBLE HELIX). The DOUBLE HELIX model was given by Watson and Crick about this.

2. What is the full form of DNA?

Ans. DNA is called Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.

3. What unit is found in DNA?

Ans. Genes are found in DNA which are in linear order on the chromosome.

4. What is the coding sequence of DNA?

Ans. A gene is part of the DNA or RNA that codes for a protein. The coding region of a gene, also known as CMD (from the coding sequence).

5. What alkali are found in DNA?

Ans. 4 bases are found in DNA –
1. Adenine – A
2. Cytosine – C
3. Guanine – G
4. Thiamine – T

6. Where is DNA found?

Ans. DNA is found in 99% of the nucleus (NUCLEUS) and 1% of it is found in mitochondria.